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ARA-290

ARA-290

ARA-290 (Generic Name: cibinetide) is a synthetic linear peptide consisting of 11 amino acids, modified from the B helix structure of EPO (Erythropoietin). Its core feature is that it retains the tissue-protective, anti-inflammatory and neurorestorative activities of EPO while having absolutely no erythropoietic side effects. I. Basic Information Alternative Names: Cibinetide, PHBSP, Helix B Surface Peptide Sequence: QEQLERALNSS (The N-terminal glutamine can spontaneously cyclize to form pyroglutamic acid) Molecular Weight: 1257 Da Developer: Araim Pharmaceuticals Core Patent: Selectively activates IRR (Innate Repair Receptor) without activating the hematopoietic EPOR homodimer II. Mechanism of Action (Key: Hematopoiesis-devoid EPO mimetic peptide) 1. Receptor Selectivity (Core Feature) EPO binds to two types of receptors simultaneously: EPOR homodimer ¡ú Erythropoiesis (elevated blood viscosity, thrombotic risk) EPOR/CD131 (¦ÂcR) heterodimer (IRR) ...

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Acetic Acid Water

Acetic Acid Water

Acetic Acid Water (aqueous acetic acid/acetic acid water). In the field of peptide research, the most commonly used formulation is 0.6% sterile aqueous acetic acid solution (pH ¡Ö 3.0), a reagent specifically designed for the reconstitution of poorly soluble peptides. A professional and structured introduction is provided below from multiple dimensions: I. Basic Information and Chemical Properties Composition and Specification: Typically 0.6% (w/v) acetic acid dissolved in sterile water for injection; molecular formula CH₃COOH + H₂O. Acetic acid is a weak organic acid with a pKa of 4.76 (25¡ãC), partially ionizing in water to render the solution acidic (pH ¡Ö 3.0). Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid with a mild acetic acid odor. Stability: Stable when stored sealed, cool and away from light; refrigerate after opening; do not subject to repeated high-temperature sterilization. Note: "Asetic" is a spelling error of "Acetic". Distinguished from bacteriostatic water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol (BAC Water, neutral pH ¡Ö 7.0). ...

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AICAR

AICAR

AICAR (Acadesine) is a potent AMPK activator, known as an "exercise-mimetic molecule". It has been extensively studied in the fields of metabolic regulation, cardiovascular protection, and athletic performance, but it is not approved for human therapeutic use and is a prohibited substance under anti-doping rules. I. Basic Information Full Name: 5‑Aminoimidazole‑4‑carboxamide 1‑¦Â‑D‑ribofuranoside CAS Number: 2627‑69‑2 Molecular Formula: C₉H₁₄N₄O₅ Molecular Weight: 258.23 Properties: A cell-permeable adenosine analog, soluble in water and DMSO II. Core Mechanism of Action After entering cells, AICAR is phosphorylated to ZMP, which mimics AMP to activate AMPK (AMP‑activated protein kinase) without altering intracellular ATP/ADP/AMP levels. Energy metabolic reprogramming: Activates AMPK, inhibits anabolism, promotes catabolism, and improves energy utilization efficiency. ...

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Benzyl Alcohol

Benzyl Alcohol

Here is a systematic introduction to Benzyl Alcohol (phenylmethanol/benzyl alcohol, CAS: 100-51-6). As one of the simplest aromatic alcohols, it is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, daily chemical and other fields. The following is professionally structured information: Basic Information and Physicochemical Properties Chemical Structure : Molecular formula, structural formula (phenyl group linked to a methylene alcohol hydroxyl group); molecular weight 108.14; IUPAC name Phenylmethanol; common abbreviation BnOH Appearance and Odor : Colorless transparent viscous liquid at room temperature, with a mild and pleasant floral/fruity odor Key Parameters : Melting point -15.5¡ãC, boiling point 205.3¡ãC; density 1.045 g/mL (25¡ãC); water solubility approximately 4.3 g/100 mL at 25¡ãC, miscible with most organic solvents such as ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene and chloroform; flash point 100¡ãC (closed cup), low vapor pressure ...

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Benzyl

Benzyl

Systematically and professionally introduce Benzyl (benzyl group / phenylmethyl group), including its structure, nomenclature, chemical properties, synthetic applications, and industrial/commercial relevance, to facilitate its accurate application in peptide product development and chemical engineering scenarios. I. Basic Definition and Structure Chemical formula: C₆H₅CH₂− (monovalent radical), commonly abbreviated as Bn in organic chemistry (note the distinction: Bz stands for benzoyl group C₆H₅CO−) Structural characteristics: Composed of a benzene ring linked to a methylene group (-CH₂−); can be regarded as the residue formed by the loss of one hydrogen atom from the methyl group of a toluene molecule; the methylene carbon is the benzylic carbon, which exhibits significant reactivity due to the conjugative stabilization effect of the benzene ring. ...

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TB500

TB500

TB-500 (also known as Thymosin Beta-4 fragment, Ac-LKKTETQ), a synthetic heptapeptide with strong tissue repair potential: Basic Definition and Molecular Characteristics TB-500 is the active core fragment of thymosin ¦Â4 (T¦Â4, a natural 43-amino acid protein) (corresponding to amino acids 17-23, sequence Ac-Leu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Glu-Thr-Gln), with enhanced stability through N-terminal acetylation modification; CAS No. 885340-08-9, molecular weight 889.02 g/mol, appearing as a white lyophilized powder soluble in water/normal saline. It is not intact T¦Â4, but retains the key functions of actin binding and cell migration regulation. Moreover, due to its small molecular weight, it exhibits excellent systemic distribution, distinguishing it from many repair peptides that only act locally. ...

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AOD_9604

AOD_9604

AOD-9604 (Anti-Obesity Peptide 9604) is a synthetic hexadecapeptide derived from human growth hormone (hGH), originally developed for weight loss while avoiding the growth and metabolic side effects associated with intact hGH. Basic Information Origin and Structure: Corresponds to amino acids 176¨C191 of hGH, with a tyrosine modification at the N-terminus to enhance stability; CAS No. 221231-10-3, molecular formula C₇₈H₁₂₃N₂₃O₂₃S₂, molecular weight 1815.1 Da; developed in the 1990s by Metabolic Pharmaceuticals of Australia. ...

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SLU_PP_322

SLU_PP_322

SLU‑PP‑322 is a potent, non-selective estrogen-related receptor (ERR) agonist whose core function is to mimic the metabolic benefits of endurance exercise, and it is mainly used in scientific research on metabolism and mitochondrial function. I. Basic Information CAS No.: 303760‑60‑3 Chemical Name: (E)‑4‑Hydroxy‑N¡ä‑(naphthalen‑2‑ylmethylene)benzohydrazide Molecular Formula/Molecular Weight: C₁₈H₁₄N₂O₂ / 290.32 g/mol Purity: ¡Ý99% ...

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GHK_CU

GHK_CU

GHK‑Cu (Blue Copper Peptide / Tripeptide‑1 Copper) is a blue complex formed by glycyl‑L‑histidyl‑L‑lysine tripeptide, which naturally exists in the human body, and copper ions (Cu²⁺). It is a well‑known star ingredient for repair and anti‑aging in skin care and regenerative medicine. I. Basic Information • Full Name: Glycyl‑L‑Histidyl‑L‑Lysine‑Copper • Aliases: Blue Copper Peptide, Copper Peptide, Tripeptide‑1 Copper • CAS Number: 89030‑95‑5 • Structure: Coordinated binding of tripeptide GHK with Cu²⁺, molecular weight approximately 340 Da, appears as a blue powder with good water solubility • Natural Sources: Human plasma, saliva, urine; approximately 200 ng/mL at the age of 20, decreasing to about 80 ng/mL at the age of 60 II. Core Mechanisms of Action Promotes collagen / elastin synthesis: Activates fibroblasts, upregulates mRNA express ...

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Tirzep

Tirzep

Tirzepatide (tirzepatide / tisepatide, trade names Mounjaro, Zepbound / Mufengda) is the world's first GIP/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist, developed by Eli Lilly. It is mainly used for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and weight loss in obesity or overweight individuals, and is a prescription drug for subcutaneous injection once a week ...

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Retatrutide

Retatrutide

Retatrutide (development code LY‑3437943) is the world's first triple GLP‑1/GIP/glucagon receptor agonist developed by Eli Lilly to enter Phase III clinical trials. It is mainly administered via subcutaneous injection once a week, primarily for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and has not yet been approved for marketing. I. Core Mechanism: Synergy of Triple Pathways As a single molecule, it simultaneously activates three key metabolic receptors to achieve triple effects of "glycemic control + weight loss + fat burning": GLP‑1 receptor: Delays gastric emptying, enhances central satiety, stimulates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, inhibits glucagon, thereby lowering blood glucose and reducing food intake. GIP receptor: Synergistically improves insulin sensitivity, enhances glucose metabolism, and optimizes fat storage and utilization. Glucagon (GCGR) receptor: Increases energy expenditure (thermogenesis), promotes lipolysis, and improves hepatic lipid metabolism ¡ª this is the key feature that distinguishes it from dual-target agonists such as tirzepatide. ...

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DSIP

DSIP

Basic Info. DSIP (delta sleep inducing peptide or delta sleep peptide) was first discovered in 1974 by the Swiss G. Schoeneberger and M. Monnier, who isolated it from the brain blood of sleeping rabbits. Since the discovery, several hundred articles have been published, most of which describe the localization and involvement of the peptide in the brain and peripheral nervous system.  The main property of DSIP is the ability to induce a stage of non-REM sleep, which is effective in combating insomnia. The peptide was found to affect electrophysiological activity, neurotransmitter levels in the brain, circadian and locomotor structures, hormonal levels, psychological performance and concentration, and the activity of neuropharmacological drugs. A pronounced effect on withdrawal symptoms, including pain conditions in alcoholics and drug addicts, was noted. It has also been shown to be effective in chronic pain, including migraines. ...

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